清高宗爱新觉罗·弘历，清朝第六位皇帝，入关之后的第四位皇帝，中国历史上最长寿的皇帝，下面是小编为你整理的乾隆皇帝英文简介，希望对你有用!
清高宗爱新觉罗·弘历简介
Qing dynasty love Xinjue Luo Hongli (September 25, 1711 - February 7, 1799), the sixth emperor of the Qing Dynasty, after entering the fourth emperor. Year "Qianlong", meaning "Heaven Changlong". 25-year-old ascended the throne, reign of sixty years, Zen bit after three years and four months is too emperor, the actual exercise of the country's highest power up to sixty-three years and four months, is the history of China's actual power of the country's highest power Long emperor, is also the history of China's most longevity emperor.
During the reign of the Qing dynasty, the Qing dynasty reached the peak of the Kangxi and Qianlong, and Sinology had made great progress during this period. Hongli is a famous emperor of the Chinese feudal society. On the basis of Emperor Kangxi and Yongzheng both dynasties, he completed the reunification of the multi-ethnic state and the further development of the social economy and culture. Hongli attention to the stability of society, concerned about the affected people, during the reign of five times the world free money, three exemptions and eight provinces of grain, reduce the burden on farmers, and attach importance to water conservancy construction, played a role in protecting agricultural production, making the Qing Dynasty treasury Increasingly enriched. The history of the rebellion in the border area has made great achievements, maintained the unity of the country and broadened the territory, and improved the rule of Tibet, occupied Xinjiang, Xinjiang will be formally incorporated into the territory of China, the territory of the Qing Dynasty Thus achieving maximum. During the reign of Hongli, folk art has developed greatly, such as the Peking opera formed in the Qianlong years. But the late relics extravagant, officials have been corrupt, and more outbreak of the uprising. And the closed-door policy has reached the highest, widening the gap with the West, the Qing Dynasty ruled the crisis. Literacy of the text than Kangxi, Yongzheng period more severe.
Died in Jiaqing four years (1799), at the age of 89 years old. Temple of Gaozong, posthumous title Tianlong Yun sincere sincerity of the body element of the legislature essay Fu Fenqiong Mingxiao filial piety holy pure emperor. Buried in the Qing Dongling Yuling.
清高宗爱新觉罗·弘历人物生平
Early experience
Kangxi fifty years (1711), Hong Li was born in Beijing Yong Prince House. Hongli childhood smart, five-year-old school, passing into chanting.
Emperor Kangxi sixty years (1721), it is said that Emperor Kangxi in the Yong Prince House is the first time the Lama Temple to see the grandchildren calendar, when Hongli ten years old, grandfather Kangxi see and scared, so that raising the palace, Class.
Yongzheng the first year (1723), Yongzheng book legislation deposit secret purpose, Li Hong calendar as heir, hidden in the Kam box, placed in the Palace of Heavenly Purity "Zhengda bright" plaque.
Yongzheng two years (1724) at the end, Emperor Kangxi "and then avoid Chen", Hongli the second "sacrifice ceremony."
Yongzheng five years (1727) in July, given a big marriage, and the origin of Manchu name Chahar Seoul Li Rongbao female Fu Chai married husband and wife, the Forbidden City West two (Hongli ascended the throne after renamed the heavy palace). Is the year, three princes when the Hong Kong due to indulgence, cut the membership.
Yongzheng eight years (1730), Dizi Yonglian Health, Yongzheng Emperor personally named Yong Lian, implied the succession of the throne of the meaning of the poems and other poems compiled into the four volumes of "Lok Shing Church set."
Yongzheng eleven years (1733), Hong Li was sealed and Prince Huo treasure. Since then, often ordered to sacrifice mausoleum, sacrifice, sacrifice of the holy emperor, enjoy the temple, sacrifice, sacrifice Tai Sui, sacrifice Taiji and so on.
Yongzheng thirteen years (1735) in February, Hongli and Hong day, Ertai and other common Miao territory affairs. On the morning of August 23, Emperor Yongzheng died, and the servants took out the decree and declared the throne. On the third day of September, the emperor is located in the Hall of Heaven, issued a very imperial edict, amnesty world, to the first year of Qianlong. On September 27th, And the amount of money. October, announced the rule of law for the rule of law. So that the provinces reported that the virtual reclamation to acres, the first line of the provinces to cut taxes; tours A that, Cypriot sunspot red band, income jade dispatch. November, left the censor Sun Jiagan on the removal of the "three learning", Du "three disadvantages." December, is not allowed to apportionment of the provincial projects; relief Anhui, Hubei and other places floods. To "outrageous" crime death Zeng Jing, Zhang Xi. The Empress Dowager Niu Hu Lu's emblem is the emperor of Chongqing.
Ascension
The first year of Qianlong (1736) in July, declared the secret book to build the decree, to Emperor II Yonglian as the prince.
Qianlong two years (1737), he released the Yongzheng due to adversely affected by military aircraft and the death penalty of Yue Zhongqi, Fu Er Dan, given to allow the Duke. In November, the encyclopedia of Erlai still waited for military affairs.
Qianlong three years (1738) in May, Zhang Guangxu discuss the Guizhou Miao chaos. In October, Crown Prince Yong Lian disease dead, posthumous end Huihui prince.
Qianlong four years (1739) in February, Galdan policy zero please Altai for the community, for the proposed and laid the foundation for success. In July, the amount of bounty thunder in the Erhilixi Wusu, and the division in the Erkun River, Qiqi Errike, Erduni Zhao, Tamil and Uliya Su Tai, to prevent Junggar rebellion. In October, the king of the town of Wang Yunlu, Li Wang Hong Xi knot party camp business, Hong Li Ge Yun Lu political minister, the governing house is still the post, Hong Xi jiaojue ban, Baylor Hongchang and other leather down, stop pension. In December, Jixi Baibo Luo Luo Nai for the king.
Qianlong five years (1740) in December, Zhang Guangsi led his troops completely put aside Guangxi, Hunan Miao rebellion.
Qianlong six years (1741) in July, Hongli held for the first time autumn ceremony. Empress Dowager to the summer resort, exempt from the area by the amount of three tenths of the deduction by the county after the amount of money, age is often.
Qianlong ten years (1745) Galdan policy after zero death, Junggar Department of civil strife, Davas won the Khan. In July, Hongli began to send troops to suppress Sichuan rebellion against the region. September, recovered from the right, into the suppression of the right.
Qianlong thirteen years (1748) in February, the East tour, Hongli station in Qufu, Yi Que Lane, Ye Konglin, sacrifice Shao Hao, Zhou Gong, Deng Taishan. Fujian Ou Ning veteran vegetarian will uprising, spin was suppressed. In March, Queen Fortune's death, posthumous title "filial piety".
Medium rule
Twenty years of Qianlong (1755) in February, Hong Li sent troops fifty thousand straight plow Yili, to Da Wazi attack. Davawi caught off guard, defeated captured. Soon after the return of the Qing court of Amur Sahana, because of the rule of the four ambitions of the Mongolian Mongolian failed to succeed, gathered rebellion.
Qianlong twenty-one years (1756) in March, the Qing army recovered Yili, A Mu Er Sana flee to Kazakhstan. Life road, north road into Kazakhstan. Ordered the University of Fu Heng to the capital Lin Habi Erjia ordered military affairs.
Qianlong twenty-two years (1757) spring, the Qing court troops from the Balik and other places to split the attack, the rebels defeated, Amur Saina fled Russia and Russia after the death. The Qing army settled down the war of the aristocracy of Junggar, and thus won the victory.
Qianlong twenty-three years (1758) at the beginning of the Qing Dynasty to settle the Junggar has been the overall situation, immediately transferred Manchu officers and men of 10,000 people south, crusade size and Zhuo. In September, the governor of the horse wins to attack the car depressed, executed. Ordered the garrison of the Ili and the management of affairs. Wushi City down. In October, Zhao Huijun alone solitary Ye Erqiang, the so-called black water camp.
Qianlong twenty-four years (1759) in February, Fu Tak, Ali Dagon and Huo Ji Zhaqi war Hulu, defeated, the solution of the black water camp. In June, Hong Hui calendar Zhao Hui into the Kashgar, Fu Tak into the soldiers and Qiang, recovered. Encyclopedia Li Shiyao spread foreign business, promulgated the ban. Leap in June, Braga abandoned Kashgar escape. Huo Ji abandoned Ye Erqiang escape. In July, the Qing army captured Kashgar, Ye Erqiang, large, small and Zhuo wood fled to the tribe of Bardak was killed, rebellion rebellion.
Qianlong twenty-five years (1760) in July, the Russian troops and Ningling four road, declaring demarcation, encyclical A Gui, car Bu Deng Zabu by soldiers by. In October, the emperor fifteen sub-Yong Yan (that is, later Jiaqing emperor) Health.
Qianlong thirty years (1765) in November, the governor of Yunnan and Guizhou Yang Yingju reported to the various ministers of Myanmar included. Honglie to Yang Ying Ju disease, life Yang Tingzhang Yongchang take over to resist the Burmese army.
Qianlong thirty-two years (1767) the first month, the Qing army levy Burmese, Hong Yuanyuan Yang Tingzhang back to Guangdong. February, the war in the bottom of the river, the Qing government levy Burmese lost. Leap in July, thanks to Yang Ying Ju committed. Burmese army into Kou Yunnan.
Qianlong thirty-three years (1768) in February, Hong calendar Fu Heng went to Yunnan, the profile of Burma matters.
Qianlong thirty-four years (1769) the first month, life A Gui, Ali Dagon to help Fu Heng suppress Burmese. In November, the vice generals, the Ministry of the book was still killed in the army. Fu Heng Governor Shi Myanmar, Burma to smoke malaria, the Qing loss of most. Burmese beggars, life class division, Burmese army slamming said.
Qianlong thirty-five years (1770) in July, Xiao Jinchuan and Walker Tusi collusion provocation, ordered Altai to advise small Jinchuan. And Prince Hiroshi, University scholar Fu Heng successively died. In November, Turku Mongolian from the Russian fetters, returned to the motherland.
Qianlong thirty-six years (1771) Tuerhute Department into the territory of China, Hong calendar calendar Bartujier to Yili for resettlement matters. In September, the head of the Tulkutai is equal to the hot river into the pilgrimage, the confinement of Pakistani tin for the sweat, the following sealed the king, the king and other jazz.
Qianlong thirty-eight years (1773) ordered the compilation of "Si Ku Quan Shu", which lasted nine years into a book, was the world's most extensive encyclopedia.
Emperor Qianlong forty-three years (1778) Hongdian for Duoergun Zhaoxue, complex its Wang Jue.
Late rule
After years of middle school, Hongli gradually happy, not only massive construction, six Jiangnan consumption of national human and material resources, corruption and then began to prevail, the entire Qing dynasty also in the late Qianlong by Sheng decline.
Qianlong forty-six years (1781) the first month, Gansu Su four forty-three rate of Hui uprising. In June, Gansu appeared to donate money to save money, the death penalty of the Governor-General Erlai, arrest Wang Wang Wang, are killed. Su forty-three victims.
Qianlong forty-seven years (1782), in April, the governor of Shandong Cathay Pacific, in Jane Jane deficit empty money, and Shen and other investigation, dismissal arrest, spin all killed.
Qianlong fifty-two years (1787) in March, Lin Shuangwen captured Zhu Luo, Fengshan, advance Taiwan government, the county immediately lost. May, Hunan Phoenix Hall Miao uprising, was Qing general soldiers Yin Dexi suppression. August, life Fukang as a general, went to Taiwan to suppress Lin Shuangwen uprising. In December, Fukang to suppress the power of Lin Shuangwen, Duke of Jin.
Qianlong fifty-six years (1791) in August, Guru recidivism after possession, caught in the village, according to economic throat. Hong Hui Governor Sichuan Governor E Hui, the general into the German destroy. In November, Fukang's army went to Tibet and levied Gurkha.
Qianlong fifty-seven years (1792) in June, Fukang Encyclopedia of Guru army, out of combat. In August, ordered Sun Shiyi in front of possession of grain transport. Gurkha defeated beggars, Fukang An Ban division. In September, so Fukang An, Sun Shiyi and other issues of Tibet to the future. The capital of Benba bottle lottery system. In October, "full of martial arts mind" written.
Qianlong fifty-eight years (1793) in March, the encyclical set Jin Ben Ba bottle in Beijing Lama Temple, ordered the government officials, palm Zhazha Lama and other common call out of Mongolia out of the call. In June, the British to Macartney to China. July, life and Linjing nuclear collectors access. In August, in the hot river to accept the Macartney Mission into the Hajj.
In the fifty-nine years of Qianlong (1794), the population reached 531 million.
Qianlong sixty years (1795) eighty-five-year-old lunar month, Hunan and Guizhou Miao uprising outbreak, to Jiaqing two years (1797) put down. On September 3, the Imperial Palace, declared the establishment of secret purpose, emperor fifteen child Yong Yan as the prince, set the next year to return to the first year of Jiaqing. October, the first year of Jiaqing book. Ordinary waste money next year.
In his later years
Jiaqing the first year (1796) the first month, held a political ceremony, since the emperor, after the grant of Xi, the Ministry of Rites Honglu Si Temple officials Yi Tiananmen tower, Gong Xuan Jiaqing Emperor imperial imperial emperor imperial edict, Jinfeng imperial edict Declare the world. Hong Li in Zen after still living in the heart of the temple control of the government. Jiaqing the first year (1796) on the 19th of the first month, the emperor in the Yuanmingyuan summoned the country's envoy, told them: "Although I go to the emperor, the event or I do." White Lotus uprising outbreak, a few months throughout the Sichuan, Shaanxi, Chu, Henan, Gansu five provinces, to Jiaqing seven years (1802 years) put down.
Jiaqing two years (1797) in August, A Gui died, and Shen as the chief military minister. In October, the dry palace, pay Thai temple fire, encyclical emergency repair.
Jiaqing three years (1798) in August, Hongli learned that the peasant uprising leader Wang Sanhuai captured, talk about "martial arts outside the", and "into this great power."
Jiaqing four years (1799) the first month, died in the Yang Xin Temple, aged eighty-nine years old, Jiaqing Emperor pro-government. Arrest and Shen in the criminal office prison, spin to die. To become the king of the army for the military minister. In March, forgiveness of the interracial interlibrary clerks involved in the case. In April, on the statue of the posthumous title for the "law Tianlong Yun sincere sincerity body element pole essay Fu Fen Wo chi sacred holy pure emperor." Temple of Takako. In September, buried in Yuling.