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戚继光简介
Qi Jiguang (November 12, 1528 - January 5, 1588), the character King, No. Nan Tong, late Meng Zhu, the posthumous title Wu Yi. Han nationality, Shandong Penglai people (one said ancestral Anhui Dingyuan, was born in Shandong Jining Weishan County Lu Town). Ming Dynasty anti-Japanese famous, outstanding military strategist, calligrapher, poet, national hero.
Qi Jiguang in the southeast coast to fight pirates for more than ten years, swept the years for the brutal Japanese pilgrimage, to ensure the safety and life of the people of the coastal people; and later in the northern part of the Mongolian tribe to commit more than ten years to defend the security of the northern territory, The Mongolian and Chinese nation's peaceful development, wrote the eighteen volumes of the "new book" and the 14 volumes of the "training and discipline" and other famous military books, as well as "stop only Church" and in different historical periods reported to the court Of the sparse and repent.
At the same time, Qi Jiguang is an outstanding weapons expert and military engineer, he transformed, invented a variety of fire attack weapons; he built the size of warships, chariot, so that the Ming Jun waterway equipment better than the enemy; his creative In the Great Wall on the construction of hollow enemy Taiwan, into the retreat can be defended, is a very unique military engineering.
戚继光人物生平
Early experience
Qi Jiguang childhood suave romantic, very personality. Although his family is poor, but he likes to study, proficient Confucianism, history.
Jiajing twenty-three years (1544), Qi Jiguang inherited the post on the ancestors, Ren Deng Wei command Qian Qian.
Jiajing twenty-five years (1546), Qi Jiguang is responsible for the management of Dengzhou Wei's garrison affairs, when the coastal areas of Shandong suffered the pirates of the burning and looting, Qi Jiguang determined to kill the thief, wrote the " Sea wave "of the verse.
Jiajing thirty-two years (1553), Qi Jiguang by Zhang Juzheng recommended, into the command of Qian Qian post, management Dengzhou, Wendeng, Jimo three battalion twenty-five Wei, defense of the coastal pirates in Shandong.
Jiajing thirty-four years (1555), Qi Jiguang was transferred to the Zhejiang Division Qian Qian, and served as the Senate, defending Ningbo, Shaoxing, Taizhou three counties.
South Japanese pirates
Battle of Cen Hong Kong
Jiajing thirty-six years (1557), the Japanese pilgrimage Yueqing, Ryan, Linhai and other places, Qi Jiguang led his army to rescue, but because of the road isolation and not had time, the court also died Qi Jiguang crime. Then, Wang Zhiyu party chaos in the Cen Hong, Qi Jiguang and Yu Dayou two forces meet, to siege. But for a long time did not attack, so the court will Qi Jiguang, Yu Dayou and others all removed, let the crime to kill the enemy. The Japanese pirates stationed at Cen Hong could not resist the attack of Qi Jiguang and Yu Dayou, and tried to escape.
Jiajing thirty-seven years (1558), the pirates made a good ship, ready to drive the night escape, Yu Dayou and Qi Jiguang took the opportunity to attack, sinking pirates of the ship, the party to fleeing the southern Fujian. From the port to escape the Japanese pirates in Taizhou burning looting, to the matter Luo Jiabin and others impeach Qi Jigang deliberately let go of the Japanese pirates, there are through the Japanese suspect. Was about to prepare for the crime, Qi Jiguang but because of Ping Wang Wang's meritorious service and rehabilitation officer, so Qi Jiguang guarding the station, gold, Yan three counties.
Qi Jiguang to Zhejiang after the visit, found that the soldiers of the warrior combat capability in general, and Jinhua, Yiwu more sturdy, so Qi Jiguang to recruit three thousand people, in Qi Jiguang's guidance training, will be trained as an elite troops, Later known as "Qi Jiajun". Qi Jiguang according to the geographical characteristics of the southern marsh to develop matrix method, and gave his troops equipped with firearms, military equipment, warships and other equipment, Qi Jiajun so famous world.
Taizhou war
Jiajing forty years (1561), the pirates massive attack Taozhu, Qi head and other places, Qi Jiguang led his army to guard Taozhu, in the Longshan big break pirates, Qi Jiguang all the way to kill Yanmen Ling. After the Japanese pilgrims fled, swoop attack Taizhou, Qi Jiguang head of the first hand blade Japanese pirates head, the party desperate, all fall into the melon river drowned. And Qi head pirates actually violated Taizhou, Qi Jiguang led his army in the Xianju will be wiped out. After the victory of Taizhou, Qi Jigang official rose three and so on. Then, Fujian and Guangxi area of the pirates into the Jiangxi area for chaos, the governor Hu Zongxian can not be put down, so Qi Jiguang to reinforcements, Qi Jiguang led his troops in the square nest to break, the pirates run Jianning, Qi Jiguang lead back to Zhejiang.
Battle of Fujian
Jiajing forty-one years (1562), the Japanese pirates invading Fujian, and the joint Funing, Lianjiang and other places of the pirates, has captured Shouning, political and, Ningde and other places, from Guangdong South Australia invasion of pirates joint Fuqing, Changle pirates Captured Xuanyuan Zhong, and invading Longyan, Songxi, Daejeon, Gutian, Putian and other places.
The Japanese army frantic, the local government did not dare to attack, so Hu Zongxian order to Qi Jiguang troops to suppress the thief. Qi Jiguang led the troops after the first attack Hengyu, Hengyu four sides of the waterway risk is not easy to pass, Qi Jiguang life soldiers each holding a bunch of straw, filling the trenches into the big break Yokoya pirates, beheaded two thousand two hundred level. Then, Qi Jiguang victory chase, kill to Fuqing, destroyed cattle, end of the pirates lair. Pilgrims party hurriedly fled to Xinghua, Qi Jiguang did not stop, all the way to chase, but also destroyed the pirates base more than sixty battalion, beheading countless.
Qi Jiguang settle the Fujian pilgrimage teacher back to Zhejiang, line to Fuqing, met a small number of Japanese pirates from Dongying Australia login, Qi Jiguang rate of emergency attack, beheaded two hundred people. After several fights, Min guang area of the pirates almost killed by Qi Jiguang.
Xinghua war
Qi Jiguang back to Zhejiang, from the Japanese local new pirates and opportunistic aggression, the number of their growing after the attack Xinghua, but siege for several months did not attack. At this time Liu was sent eight people with a letter to Xinghua to convey information, was the Japanese pirates stopped, the pirates put on Liu Xian messenger's clothing cheat the city gate, took the opportunity to capture the Xinghua City.
After the pirates attacked Xinghua, Liu Xian led troops approaching Xinghua, but because the soldiers less, Liu was not unauthorized siege, but it was impeached, guilty. And Fujian General Bing Yu Dayou also said the need for a military encirclement.
Jiajing forty-two years (1563), the court to Tan Lun for the right Qian are censor, governor of Fujian to come to support, and are commanding Ouyang deep but in the pirates buried battle and died, the pirates then occupy Pinghaiwei. In April, Qi Jiguang led Zhejiang soldiers to support. Qi Jiguang later, Tan Lun immediately prepared for the pirates of the total attack, the first in the sea on the ring fence to block the Japanese pirates return road, and then Tan Leng to Liu Xian for the left army, Yu Dayou for the right army, Tan Lun self-led to Qi Jiguang as a pioneer, siege Pinghaiwei, in one fell swoop, beheaded two thousand level, Qi Jiguang and other soldiers chase, pirates road barrier, but also beheaded more than three thousand people. So Liu Xian and other revival Xinghua. The court to Qi Jiguang before the Hengyu war, recorded before and after the exploits, to Qi Jiguang for the governor know, Shiyan 1000, instead of Yu Dayou for the soldiers.
Xianyou war
Jiajing forty-three years (1564 years) in February, the Japanese pilgrimage party more than ten thousand people siege Xianyou, playing for three days, Qi Jiguang soldiers to rescue, pirates defeated, Qi Jiguang led his army chase, chase Wangcang Ping, beheaded hundred Level, many people are falling in the cliff fell to his death. More than thousands of people to flee to occupy Zhang Pu Cai Pi Ling. Qi Jiguang five whistle (ancient military units) soldiers climbing on the rocks, and the pirates close combat, even prisoners to kill more than 100 people. The rest of the pirates looted fishing boats fled to the sea, and then inflicted Funing, Qi Jiguang led Li Chao to go to beat him, and win over Yongning, killing more than 300 people.
In the same year, Chaozhou pirates gathered together twenty thousand, and the pirates Wu Ping horns of the potential hijack Chaozhou, Yu Dayou led the soldiers to kill the pirates, and Wu Ping move, so Wu Ping stationed in Meiling. But soon after, Wu Ping was defeated by the Ming defeated the pirates of more than ten thousand people, together with Lin Daogan, had a successor in the horse, Bo Pu Australia landed, looted the village and the port village. Qi Jiguang immediately led his troops to encirclement, Wu Ping learned to give up before the defenders of the Meiling, a collection of more than 100 ships, fled to South Australia, and the construction of Dazhai defense.
Jiajing forty-four years (1565), Yu Dayou led the army, Qi Jiguang led the infantry, the two together to encircle Wu Ping, Wu Ping dilapidated, fled to Phoenix Hill alone.
North Royal Tatar
Longqing the first year (1567), to the matter of Wu to Ming Muzong on the sparse, it is recommended to Qi Jiguang, Yu Dayou and others training Ji door area soldiers. But after the decision to appoint only Qi Jiguang can be. So the court Ren Qi Jiguang for God machine vice. At that time, Tan Lenggang in the Liao, thistle area raised thirty thousand infantry, and in Zhejiang, recruited three thousand soldiers, asked Qi Jiguang to its training, has been the permission of Muzong.
Longqing two years (1568), Ming Muzong to Qi Jiguang training Jizhou, Changping, Baoding and other places of the soldiers, the general officer of the following officials are subject to Qi Jiguang control. Qi Jiguang arrived, when the Jizhou state total Guo Guo, and Qi Jiguang as prime minister, can not be unified command, so the court will be transferred to Guo Hu, Qi Jiguang as general officer, guarding Jizhou, Yongping, Shanhai and other places. And Qi Jiguang before breaking Wu Ping active, into the right for the right captaincy. When the North Manzi invasion of Castle Peak, Qi Jiguang lead the soldiers to repel.
Wanli the first year (1573), the North small prince and Dong fox plan to attack, to the Ming court to ask the reward was rejected, so two people in the hi peak mouth burning looting, Qi Jiguang learned that after the soldiers to chaos, almost catch Dong fox. In the same year the summer, Dong fox invaded Taolin, Qi Jiguang repulsed. And then the fox's nephew Dong Changan invasion of the ridge, and was defeated. Dong fox repeatedly infested the border not only did not account for cheap, but the loss of heavy, so offer off reward, the court promised to give their reward.
Wanli two years (1574), Dong Changan invasion of the border but can not attack from the mark, so forced his uncle Dong bald guilty guilty. Qi Jiguang led the troops to beat and live Dong Chang bald. Dong fox and Dong Changan led the clan of three hundred people came to Qi Jiguang off before the crime, the Dong fox to wear suits crying request forgiveness Dong long bald. Qi Jiguang and his men decided to accept their surrender after consultation, Dong fox will be the looting of the people back, and vowed no longer rebellious. Since then the Dong fox and Dong Changan no longer afraid to violate the thistle door.
Qi Jiguang guarding the thorn door impregnable, the North barbarians can not attack, then turned into Liaodong, Qi Jiguang troops reinforcements, to help Liaodong keep Li Chengliang to repel. Court seal Qi Jiguang Prince Edward Taibao, but also into the seal less security.
The star falls
Wanli ten years (1582), the court of the first cabinet Zhang Juzheng died, to the matter Zhang Dingsi took the opportunity to say Qi Jiguang should not be placed in the north, so Qi Jiguang was transferred to the court in Guangdong.
Wanli thirteen years (1585), to the matter again Zhang Xi Gao impeach again Qi Jiguang, Qi Jiguang was removed, returned home after the death.
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