今天小编给大家带来了高级笔译模拟试题，希望能够帮助到大家在考试中拿高分，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
Since 1750, the world has seen four industrial revolutions. The first one took place in Britain; and China missed the boat. The second one occurred in the latter half of the 19th century; and China missed the boat. The third one was driven by the revolution in communication technology in the second half of the 20th Century. This time, Chinese leaders realized that it was a historic moment of change, and China caught the wave.
从1750年以来，世界进行了四次工业革命：第一次就是英国工业革命，中国失去了机会。第二次是十九世纪下半叶美国的工业革命，中国也同样失去了机会。第三次工业革命，是20世纪后半叶出现的信息革命。当时中国的领导人敏锐地认识到了这一重大历史变化，中国抓住了这次信息革命的重大机遇。
The 21st century is receiving the Fourth Industrial Revolution-the Green Revolution, symbolized by this global move to reduce emission. This time, we hope that China can be the innovator, the leader and driver running head-to-head with the U.S., Europe and Japan. To achieve this, China has to accomplish two things transition from a high carbon economy to a low carbon economy; second, participation in global governance. i.e., to shift its focus from national governance to regional and global governance.
进入二十一世纪，人类迎来了第四次工业革命——绿色工业革命。可以说这一次全球减排，就是绿色工业革命的标志。我们希望这一次工业革命中国要成为领导者、创新者和驱动者，和美国和欧盟和日本站在同一起跑线上领导这场革命。今后中国领导人面临两大迫切问题：一是如何实现中国经济转型，即从高碳经济转向低碳经济;二是如何参与全球治理，即从国家治理转向地区治理、全球治理。
1、The causes of inequality are many and varied, and may be broadly grouped into three factors. The first is social condition or family background. In China, for example, someone born and bred in the city usually earns a higher income and enjoys better social services. The second is aptitude. The cleverer or stronger ones usually earn more and enjoy better conditions than the lesser endowed. The final one is ambition and diligence. All things being equal, someone who aims higher and works harder often earns more.
译文：虽然导致不平等的原因很多，但我们可以大体上把它们分为三类。一类是社会条件或家庭出身，例如在中国，与出生于贫困农村的人们相比，一个出生在大城市的人通常拥有更多的收入和更好的社会处境。另外一类是自然天赋，有些人天生聪明或健壮，有些人则天生愚笨或孱弱，前者一般也会比后者拥有更多的收入并处于更好的状况。最后一类是抱负和努力程度，在其他条件相同的情况下，更有抱负和更努力的人们通常也会有更多的收入。
2、Mass urbanization of the world’s population is an unprecedented trend worldwide. The most important reason why people are moving to cities is economic. People are moving to the cities because that’s where they can find jobs and earn money. Until the 20th century, the major source of employment, full and part-time, was farming. Now, according to recent statistics, no more than 15 percent of all jobs are connected to farming. Jobs now are being created in information technology, manufacturing and service areas, such as tourism and financing, and all of these new jobs are in or around major cities.
译文：世界人口大规模的城市化在世界范围内达到史无前例的规模。驱使人们不断涌向城市的最重要原因是经济因素。人们都涌向城市是因为在城里可以找到工作和挣钱。在20世纪以前，就业的主要途径，不管是全职还是兼职，一直都是农耕。而现在，根据最近的统计数据，只有不到15%的工作是和农业相关的。越来越多的工作产生于信息技术产业、制造业和服务行业，如旅游业和融资，而所有这些新兴工作都在大城市及其周边地区。
评析：本题是高口热点话题“城市化”，在07年9月的高口NTGF部分也涉及到过城市化的问题，前一题的句子翻译S2也提到了“人们搬进大城市的原因，是追求高品质的生活”，而这里主要围绕工作展开。考查词汇都在大纲范围内，像urbanization, manufacturing等都属于常见热词，考生在平时对这些词汇有所积累，翻译起来并不难。相对passage 2, 这段话稍微有点长，这也提醒考生注意平时多练习听写记笔记，熟悉常考话题，这样在考试时才能拿高分。
3、Crime control is a pretty complex question, the first step, of course, is deterrence to stop people from committing crime in the first place. That involves the economy. Are there enough jobs for everyone? There should be. And social structure, are there enough support system? And so on. When people are convicted, and put in prison, then the goal should be to have reform programs inside prisons. So they want person comes out, they don’t return to a life of crime. If the education program and drug treatment program have been cut, convicted criminals are not being reformed.
译文：如何控制犯罪率是一个十分复杂的问题。首先，当然要防止犯罪行为的发生。包括从经济方面来说，是否有足够的工作提供给所有人?这个是应该要保证的;从社会机构来说，是否有足够的社会保障体系?等等。而一旦人们犯了罪，被关进监狱了，那么监狱里就需要有改造计划，可以让这些人出狱之后，不再回到犯罪生涯。如果停掉教育计划和毒品治疗方案，那就无法对这些犯人就行改造了。
评析：本篇段落翻译选自2008年春季高口的听力原文，这就暗示了广大口译考生，历年的听力原文等材料是平时训练的重要资源，平时多积累，考试的时候方可胸有成竹。
本篇段落关注的是一个常见的社会问题——如何控制犯罪率。段落给出了两点建议，一个是要防患未然;二是在对犯人实施改造计划。内容对考生来说应该并不陌生，语速也较为平缓，作为两段翻译的的第二段，在难度上是可以接受的。
本段词汇较为常见。注意deterrence，意是“威慑，制止”，这里考生也可将名词转译为动词，译为“防止犯罪行为的发生”;另外，convict这个单词意为“判…有罪”，convicted criminals指“囚犯，犯人”。
段落的句子结构较为简单。考生只需注意这个长句：When people are convicted, and put into prison, the goal should be to have reform programs inside prisons, so that when the person comes out, they don't return to a life of crime. 这个句子虽长，但只要理解语义，理清分句之间的逻辑关系，如when引导的是从句，the goal 后面的内容是主句，so that作的是目的状语。划分好结构，再按句子本身的语序进行翻译就可以了。
总体而言，本篇英译中难度适中，主题也不偏颇另类，考生在平时注意对社会问题的积累，多进行真题练习，把握好时间和心态，相信会顺利完成翻译。
1. The average age of people in the countryside is increasing, while that of the cities is falling. More old people stay in the countryside than young people and the opposite is true in the cities.
译文： 农村人口的平均年龄正处于上升趋势, 而在城市却正好相反。原因是在农村老年人要比年轻人多，城市正好相反。
解析：本句难度适中，只需要按照句子的逻辑顺序将句子信息陈列出来即可。此外，本句无明显生词。
2. One important reason for the move to cities has to do with quality of life issues: comfort and convenience. For example, most of us would like our children to receive the better education, and cities often offer better schools.
译文：“进城热”与生活水平问题息息相关。人们向往城市舒适方便的生活。就像我们大部分人都想子女能够接收到更好的教育，而城市通常就有教育质量更好的学校。
解析：在做本句翻译时需要注意在前半句适当地增译一些信息，如在comfort and convenience 处需要加上move to the cities的主语“人们”。后半句难度不大，直译即可。
3. Most burglars are opportunist, looking for an easier break-in. So don’t make things simply for them. Don’t advertise the fact that you are out or away, or be careless about security.
译文：大部分的窃贼都是投机分子，他们会寻找最方便快捷的“翻墙入室”的机会。所以不要给他们可乘之机。不要嚷嚷着让别人都知道你不在家，也不要太马虎大意而忽略了安全问题。
解析：本句句型不复杂，需要注意几个词语的译法，如opportunist本来是“机会主义者”，在这里用于形容burglars身上，需要相应地翻译成贬义词“投机分子”;此外，don’t make things simply for them可以用成语“可乘之机”概括，这些需要同学平时多做翻译练习积累，在会在临考时马上反应出来。
4. Researchers from the University of Copenhagen and the University of Iceland said ash particles from the early part of the volcanic eruption are especially abrasive, posing a possible threat to aircraft engines.
译文：来自哥本哈根大学和冰岛大学的研究者们表示早些时候火山爆发遗留的火山灰摩擦度非常高。这可能对飞机的引擎产生威胁。
解析：本句句型简单，但生词较多，需要考生抓注意些重点词汇理解。如：volcanic eruption 是表示“火山爆发”， abrasive 表示“磨损的”。考生在遇到不会的单词时也不用过于慌张，一般句子中包含大量专业词汇句意都比较简单，可凭上下文进行推测。
5. Lack of sanitation leads to wide spread of contamination of drinking water. Recent statistics say water-associated infectious diseases claim up to 3.2million lives each year, approximately 6 percent all death globally.
译文：不注意环境卫生会导致饮用水大规模受污染。近期的数据显示与饮用水有关的可传染性疾病每年可导致320万人失去生命，这个数字接近每年全球死亡人数的6%。
解析： 本句的主题是高口中常考的环境问题，全句无复杂结构，考生需要保证数字听译的准确性。本句中有出现两处数字，要求考生掌握数字速记的方法。
contamination : 污染
infectious : 传染的，有传染性的
approximately : 大约
1、Have we merely carried our animal need for shrewd perceptions to an absurd extreme? Or have we stumbled onto a deep congruence between the structure of our minds and the structure of the universe?
这一切究竟来源于何?仅仅是我们将本能的敏锐感知力推向了荒谬的极致，还是我们不经意间摸索到了扎根于人类思想和苍茫万物间那深刻的一致性?
I am persuaded the latter is true. I am convinced there's more to beauty than biology, more than cultural convention. It flows around and through us in such abundance, and in such myriad forms, as to exceed by a wide margin any mere evolutionary need. Which is not to say that beauty has nothing to do with survival: I think it has everything to do with survival. Beauty feeds us from the same source that created us.
我相信后者是正确的。我坚信美不仅仅存在于生物学和文化习俗中。美我们身边流淌，充盈、润泽着我们的心田;而其量之充沛，形态之多变已经远远超越了进化本身的需要。我这样说并不意味着美和生存毫无干系;恰恰相反，我相信美和生存之间有着千丝万缕的联系。如果说是自然造就了我们，那么，是美通过自然滋养了我们。
2、The establishment and development of china’s socialist market economy requires the reform and improvement in our soial welfare and security system, which in turn places higher expectations on the work of community service.//With the transformation of governmental functions, much of the work involving social services that was initially undertaken by the government will have to be transferred gradually to social groups and non-governmental organizations.// On the one hand, the government will shoulder great responsibilities in its macro-management; and on the other hand, social groups and non-governmental organizations will need to involve themselves more in community service.// Consequently, there has emerged an issue which concerns the way of a close collaboration and the division of responsibilities between the government and social groups, in order to further the development of community service.
我们社会主义市场经济体制的建立和发展，要求我们改革和完善社会福利保障体制，从而对社会服务提出了更高的要求。//随着政府职能的转变，原来由政府包揽的许多社会服务工作，有相当一部分将逐步转移到社会团体和民间组织。//一方面，政府的宏观管理责任将会变得更加重大。另一方面，社会团体和民间组织有必要参与更多的社区服务工作。//这样就提出一个课题：政府和社会团体如何密切合作，如何分工协作，更好地推进社区服务事业。//
3、It reminds us of the shaping power that reaches through the flower stem and through our own hands. It restores our faith in the generosity of nature. By giving us a taste of the kinship between our own small minds and the great Mind of the Cosmos, beauty reassures us that we are exactly and wonderfully made for life on this glorious planet, in this magnificent universe. I find in that affinity a profound source of meaning and hope. A universe so prodigal of beauty may actually need us to notice and respond, may need our sharp eyes and brimming hearts and teeming minds, in order to close the circuit of Creation.
无论是一朵花或是一双手，都让我们联想到美的创造力量。美让我们重拾信念---相信自然对于我们的无私恩惠与慷慨。美在人类渺小的心灵和宇宙伟大的精魂之间，化身为一座沟通的桥梁，并以此让我们不再怀疑：在这片恢宏的宇宙中，在这颗璀璨的星球上，人类的存在实为天工之作，神明之意。宇宙和人类对于美的共识，给予我生存的意义与希望。我们的宇宙中，美无处不在;她等待着我们敏锐的眼睛、充实的心灵，和泉涌般的智慧，去发现美，去回应美，由此成全造物的圆满。