托福阅读中既有不需要思考太多直接就能从原文找到答案的题目，也有需要考生自己主动思考分析才能得出结论的题目。今天小编给大家带来了托福阅读修辞目的题出题形式简介,希望能够帮助到大家，一起来学习吧。
托福阅读修辞目的题的格式是这个样子的：“why does author mention ”注意这里的why不是定位文中的because来找答案，而是应采取这样一种思维即：题干作为一个细节，其存在的价值是为了支撑前面出现的观点，所以答案在题干细节出现的位置前面去找，也就是找到观点 (注意避开其他同样支撑观点的细节)
实例1：
Paragraph 6: But neither the human imitativeinstinct nor a penchant for fantasy by itself leads to an autonomous theater.Therefore, additional explanations are needed. One necessary condition seems tobe a somewhat detached view of human problems. For example, one sign of thiscondition is the appearance of the comic vision, since comedy requires sufficientdetachment to view some deviations from social norms as ridiculous rather thanas serious threats to the welfare of the entire group. Another condition thatcontributes to the development of autonomous theater is the emergence of theaesthetic sense.
2. Why does the author mention “comedy”?
A. To give an example of early types of theater.
B. To explain how theater helps a society respond to threats to its welfare.
C. To help explain why detachment is needed for the development of theater.
D. To show how theatrical performers become detached from other members of society.
本题中的comedy虽为一个小词，看似不起眼，但是它所存在的句子，句首为for example，这就构成了明显的举例关系，所以答案还是在前面找这个例子所证明的观点。第一句中的neither直接否定了两个观点，后面出现的therefore带起的句子是个过渡，第三句中才给出了detached view这一观点，因此看A项中没有detached相关的内容，排除，B项提到了welfare，无关信息，排除。C和D提到了detach但是D项中的other members没有提到。故，选C。
实例2：
The fins are stiff, smooth, and narrow, qualities that also help cut drag. When not in use, the fins are tucked into special grooves or depressions so that they lie flush with the body and do not break up its smooth contours. Airplanes retract their landing gear while in flight for the same reason.
1. Why does the author mention that Airplanes retract their landing gear while in flight?
A.To show that air resistance and water resistance work differently from each other.
B.To argue that some fishes are better designed than airplanes are.
C.To provide evidence that airplane engine have studied the design of fish bodies.
D.To demonstrate a similarity in design between certain fishes and airplanes.
本题中的利用题干中的landing gear很好定位，答案在此信息之前，文章作者用airplane来举例说明landing gear的功能，它受到这个的启发来自于fin are tucked into the grooves ordepressions(鱼鳍藏于侧身凹槽而不会破坏其本身的流线型题型)。而CD选项都提到了design, 但是C提到 了airplane engine，这一概念文中并未提及，所以是错误的，正确答案是D项。
在脑子里或者在草稿纸上画一个托福阅读文章的结构思路题。各个段落的目的是什么，主题又是什么?再次提醒，TOEFL考察的是你的答题能力而非阅读能力，这就需 要一些托福阅读技巧。你不必完全掌握整篇文章，了解文章中的每一个细节。(其实，你也没有那么多时间)。相反，你应该只读文章段落的第1句，而快速浏览其 余部分。当你"读"完这篇文章时，你就能对文章的结构思路有总体的把握。
开始答题
根据你对文章的整体思路来答题。将问题(或选项)定位到文章中具体的某个段落甚至具体的句子。这里，你可以比第2个步骤更仔细。
1.方位副词放在句首
Herein lay the beginning of what ultimately turned from ignorance to denial of the value of nutritional therapies in medicine。
2.介词放在句首
Among the species of seabirds that use the windswept cliffs of the Atlantic coast of Canada in the summer to mate， lay eggs， and rear their young are common murres， Atlantic puffins， black-legged kittiwakes， and northern gannets。
3.形容词放在句首
Implicit in it is an aesthetic principle as well： that the medium has certain qualities of beauty and expressiveness with which sculptors must bring own aesthetic sensibilities into harmony。
4.过去分词放在句首
Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1927 as “silent”， the film has never been， in the full sense of the word， silent。
5.现在分词放在句首
Missing until recently were fossils clearly intermediate， or transitional， between land mammals and cetaceans。
一是被提前的部分被强调，如上述的第四句：Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1927 as “silent”，其中的accustomed按照正常语序应该放在are之后：Though we are accustomed to speaking of the films made before 1927 as “silent”。之所以将accustomed提前，是为了强调它。二是为了句子的平衡，否则将导致头重脚轻的效果，如上述的第一句、第三句和第五句。以第五句为例，按照正常语序应该是：Fossils clearly intermediate， or transitional， between land mammals and cetaceans were missing until recently。但是这种句子结构比较糟糕，因为主语及其修饰语过长(从句首直到cetaceans)，而谓语部分were missing until recently较短，容易造成头重脚轻的效果。第五句将missing提前，避免了这一现象。
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